Introduction To Rails

The guide device in the mechatronics system is generally a guide rail, and the guide rail is composed of a moving part and a guide part. When various machines are running, the guide rail pair ensures the correct movement trajectory of the actuator. And the guide pair also affects the motion characteristics of the actuator.

As a guide device, the guide rail should have the following properties:

(1) Guidance accuracy It mainly guides the accuracy of the trajectory of the rail. The main factors affecting the guiding accuracy are: the geometric accuracy and contact accuracy of the guide rail, the structural form of the guide rail, the rigidity and thermal deformation of the guide rail and its supports, the thickness and stiffness of the oil film between the static (dynamic) pressure guide rail pairs, and so on.

(2) Accuracy retention is mainly determined by the wear resistance of the guide rail. Wear resistance is related to the material of the guide rail, the friction properties of the guide rail pair, the pressure on the guide rail and its distribution law.

(3) Rigidity Including the rigidity of the guide rail itself and the contact rigidity. It mainly depends on factors such as the shape and size of the guide rail, the connection method of the support and the stress condition.

(4) Low-speed movement stability When the moving guide rail moves at a low speed or a small amount of displacement, it is easy to produce frictional self-excited vibration, that is, creeping phenomenon. Crawling will reduce the positioning accuracy or increase the value of the roughness of the workpiece surface to be machined.